fallacy
A flawed argument based on faulty reasoning
Examples
In a meeting
“The assumption that correlation implies causation is a common fallacy in data analysis.”
Over coffee
“Thinking expensive wine always tastes better is a fallacy.”
Why this word
error
fallacy is a specific flaw in logical reasoning or argumentation structure, while error is any mistake
misconception
fallacy refers to a defective argument pattern, while misconception is simply an incorrect belief
mistake
fallacy is a technical term for flawed logical reasoning, while mistake is any incorrect action or judgment
Usage tip
Use to point out logical errors in reasoning without being overly confrontational. More diplomatic than saying someone is 'wrong.'
Etymology
Latin 'fallacia' meaning 'deception, deceit, trick'
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Related words
synthesis
The combining of separate elements to form a coherent whole
syllogism
A logical argument with two premises leading to a conclusion
empiricism
The belief that knowledge comes from observation and experience
paradox
A seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true
premise
An underlying assumption on which reasoning is based
dogma
A principle or belief accepted without question